The key reforms under way in India like incentives for manufacturing, easier labour laws, wooing foreign direct investment (FDI) and privatisation will help improve productivity and support long-term growth at 7.5-8 per cent, which if played out well, can help India contribute 15 per cent of global GDP growth by fiscal 2025-2026, according to UBS Securities.
A report by Tanvee Gupta Jain, India economist at UBS Securities, said the country has the lowest manufacturing costs among peers, even though China retains significant ecosystem advantages and despite that India and Vietnam appear most likely to benefit from a shift out of China.
“The incentives for manufacturing, easier labour laws, encouraging FDI inflows and privatisation will help improve productivity and support long-term growth closer to the upside scenario of 7.5-8 per cent. If this played out well, we estimate that India could contribute 15 per cent to global GDP growth in the next five years ending FY26, Gupta-Jain said without quantifying the present share.
The report expects the large local market potential, low labour costs, macroeconomic stability and the hope of strengthening ongoing reform momentum will help achieve these objectives.
Describing production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme ushered into to boost manufacturing, as a golden opportunity for manufacturing she says the five-year scheme is a significant turn in the manufacturing policy as it incentivizes select companies to scale up production and boost domestic value-addition.
From almost zero now, India’s capacity should reach 20-30 per cent of the total global supply chain in the next two years, says Gupta-Jain pointing to the plans of Apple to increase production in India and also global electric car major Telsa announcing local production of Model 3.
This is in spite of the fact that as much as 30 per cent of China’s gross exports are in industries that do not have strong competitive onshore supply chain advantages, mainly in electronics assembly industries, and are more vulnerable than others to relocation to low-cost locations.
Pegging fiscal 2021-22 growth at 11.5 per cent, making it one of the fastest in Asia, after a 7.5 per cent contraction in FY21, she says, beyond FY22, we expect growth to slow to 6 per cent in the subsequent years despite as the slowdown since 2017 has been led by structural issues, such as stretched balance sheets of households due to weaker job creation, government debt overhang, a risk-averse financial sector and low capex by corporates, and the still ongoing pandemic-related disruptions further widening income and wealth inequalities.
Another enabler is the rising FDI inflows, which had hit an all-time high of $56 billion in FY20, says the report and expects the inflows to cross $100 billion plus annually till FY26. Though the inflows are estimated to be falling to $40-45 billion in FY21 due to the pandemic, the report expects normality from the next fiscal.
